Sixteen banks in the country have met recapitalisation exercise requirements ahead of the March 31, 2026 deadline, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) said.
Another 27 banks have also raised capital through various channels as the sector moves toward one of the most extensive reforms since 2004.
Governor Olayemi Cardoso stated this Tuesday in Abuja while briefing journalists at the end of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) meeting. He described the exercise as orderly and consistent with the regulator’s expectations.
“We are monitoring developments, and indications show the process is moving in the right direction,” he said.
`As of April 2025, Nigeria had 44 deposit-taking banks, including seven commercial banks with international authorisation, 15 with national authorisation, four with regional authorisation, four non-interest banks, six merchant banks, seven financial holding companies and one representative office.
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Under the recapitalization framework issued by the CBN, banks must raise their paid-in share capital to levels proportionate to the scope of their operations. International commercial banks are required to attain N500 billion, national commercial banks must reach N200 billion, and regional commercial banks N50 billion.
These new minimum capital levels are composed strictly of paid-in share capital (paid-up capital and share premium), as other capital components like retained profits were excluded for meeting the requirement.
For non-interest banks, the minimum is N20 billion for national operations and N10 billion for regional operations, while merchant banks with national authorisation must meet N50 billion. The apex bank has also made clear that only paid-up capital and share premium qualify toward the new thresholds, excluding reserves and retained earnings.
Cardoso said the reforms would reinforce the resilience of Nigerian banks both within the country and across the continent. “We are building a financial system that will be fit for purpose for the years ahead. Many Nigerian banks now operate across Africa and have been innovative across different markets.
These new buffers will better equip them to manage risks in the multiple jurisdictions where they operate,” he said.
He added that the reforms would strengthen the financial sector’s support for households and businesses.
“Ultimately, this benefits Nigerians—our traders, our businesses and our citizens—who operate across those regions. It should give everyone comfort to know that Nigerian banks with deep local understanding are present to support them. Commercial banks are also creating their own buffers through the ongoing recapitalization.”
Cardoso recalled that the CBN had earlier outlined the broader objectives of the programme, noting that the Bank’s Deputy Governor for Financial Systems Stability, Phillip Ikeazor, had restated the significance of the exercise during a stakeholder session at the UK-Nigerian Chamber of Commerce. Ikeazor said the apex bank was committed to building stronger, healthier and more resilient banks capable of supporting the government’s ambition of achieving a US$1 trillion economy by 2030.
According to Ikeazor, the recapitalization programme is expected to expand banks’ lending capacity, attract more foreign direct investment, and increase foreign exchange liquidity.
He also noted that the reforms would contribute to GDP growth, enhance risk management practices, strengthen credit ratings, broaden ownership structures, improve governance, and boost market value and activity in the equity market.
“With the recapitalisation programme, our goal is to trigger the emergence of stronger, healthier and more resilient banks,” Ikeazor said.
Cardoso added that the apex bank considered several factors in determining the new capital thresholds, including prevailing macroeconomic conditions, stress test results and the need for stronger risk buffers.
He also affirmed the regulator’s commitment to strict oversight as consolidation progresses. “We will rigorously enforce our ‘fit and proper’ criteria for prospective new shareholders, senior management, and board members of banks, and proactively monitor the integrity of financial statements, adequacy of financial resources, and fair valuation of banks’ post-merger balance sheets,” he said.
The governor recalled that eight commercial banks had met the N500 billion capital requirement as of July 22, 2024, rising to 14 by September of the same year. The number has now increased to 16 as the industry continues to race toward full compliance.
Cardoso said the CBN remained confident that the banking system would emerge stronger at the conclusion of the recapitalization exercise, with institutions better prepared to support Nigeria’s economic transformation.
